Ps. Rafael Yáñez Briceño MBA

La seguridad y salud en el trabajo (SST) no es solo un conjunto de normas; es un compromiso diario con la vida. Su objetivo primordial es garantizar que cada trabajador regrese a casa sano y salvo. Sin embargo, este compromiso se enfrenta a un enemigo insidioso y a menudo subestimado: la procrastinación. Este hábito de posponer tareas importantes, que muchos perciben como un simple problema de productividad, se convierte en un riesgo grave cuando se aplica a la SST. En este ámbito, el «ya lo haré mañana» puede tener consecuencias catastróficas.
Manifestaciones

Manifestaciones comunes de la procrastinación en la SST


La procrastinación en la gestión de la seguridad laboral no siempre se presenta como una omisión evidente. A menudo, se esconde en pequeñas decisiones que, con el tiempo, acumulan un gran potencial de peligro. Algunas de las formas más comunes en las que se manifiesta incluyen:


Evaluaciones de riesgo aplazadas: No realizar a tiempo la evaluación de riesgos en un nuevo proceso, máquina o área de trabajo. Esto significa que los trabajadores operan en un entorno con peligros no identificados ni controlados.


Mantenimiento preventivo demorado: Retrasar la revisión y el mantenimiento programado de equipos y maquinarias. Un equipo defectuoso puede fallar en el momento menos esperado, causando accidentes graves. Lo mismo aplica para los Equipos de Protección Personal (EPPs), que pierden su efectividad si no se les da el mantenimiento adecuado.


Capacitación y simulacros pospuestos: No programar las formaciones de seguridad o posponer los simulacros de emergencia. En una situación crítica, la falta de conocimiento y práctica puede llevar al pánico, errores fatales y una respuesta ineficaz.


Quejas de los trabajadores ignoradas: No actuar con prontitud ante las notificaciones de los empleados sobre condiciones inseguras. La demora en atender estas quejas no solo aumenta el riesgo de un accidente, sino que también erosiona la confianza del personal en el sistema de seguridad de la empresa.


Investigación de incidentes retrasada: No investigar a fondo y de manera oportuna un accidente o un incidente. Sin un análisis inmediato, se pierden detalles cruciales, y la oportunidad de identificar las causas raíz y prevenir futuras repeticiones desaparece.

Causas subyacentes de la procrastinación en la SST y cómo combatirlas


Comprender las causas detrás de la procrastinación en la SST es esencial para poder enfrentarla de manera efectiva. No se trata solo de pereza, sino de una serie de factores que pueden ser tanto individuales como organizacionales.


Falta de recursos: La escasez de presupuesto, personal o herramientas adecuadas para la gestión de la SST a menudo lleva a que las tareas se pospongan en favor de otras que parecen más urgentes o productivas a corto plazo.


Sobrecarga de trabajo: El personal encargado de la seguridad puede estar abrumado con múltiples responsabilidades, lo que provoca que las tareas de prevención, que no tienen una fecha límite inmediata, se dejen para más tarde.


Percepción de la seguridad como un gasto: Si la alta dirección ve la SST como un gasto en lugar de una inversión, no le dará la prioridad que merece, creando una cultura donde las tareas de seguridad son vistas como menos importantes que las de producción.


Una cultura de «nada ha pasado»: Cuando una empresa lleva mucho tiempo sin accidentes graves, puede desarrollarse una falsa sensación de seguridad. Esta complacencia es peligrosa, ya que lleva a subestimar los riesgos y a posponer las medidas preventivas.

 

Estrategias para combatir la procrastinación

La lucha contra la procrastinación en la SST es una batalla por la vida. Requiere un enfoque proactivo y la implementación de estrategias claras.


1. Establecer plazos firmes y realistas: Asignar fechas límite a todas las tareas de SST, desde la revisión de equipos hasta las capacitaciones. Utilizar un calendario y recordatorios para asegurar su cumplimiento.


2. Fomentar una cultura de seguridad: Involucrar a los trabajadores en la identificación de riesgos y en la toma de decisiones de seguridad, fomentando la autovaloración preventiva. Cuando los empleados se sienten parte del proceso, la responsabilidad se vuelve colectiva.


3. Integrar la seguridad en los procesos diarios: Hacer que las tareas de SST sean una parte inherente del trabajo, no un apéndice. Por ejemplo, la revisión de seguridad de una máquina debe ser el primer paso antes de cada turno.


4. Invertir en tecnología: El software de gestión de SST puede ser una herramienta poderosa. Puede automatizar recordatorios, simplificar el seguimiento de las tareas y generar informes que demuestren el valor de la prevención.


5. Comunicar el costo de la inacción: Educar a toda la organización sobre el impacto real de los accidentes: no solo el costo humano, sino también los costos financieros (multas, demandas, pérdida de productividad).

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